{"id":3124,"date":"2023-03-06T11:36:23","date_gmt":"2023-03-06T11:36:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/krafttasarim.com\/?p=3124"},"modified":"2023-03-06T12:39:17","modified_gmt":"2023-03-06T12:39:17","slug":"bor-nedir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/localhost\/kraft\/bor-nedir\/","title":{"rendered":"Bor Nedir?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Bor<\/b>, atom numaras\u0131 5 ve kimyasal sembol\u00fc\u00a0<\/span>B<\/b>\u00a0olan\u00a0<\/span>kimyasal elementtir.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n Elementel\u00a0<\/span>Bor<\/b>; 1808 y\u0131l\u0131nda Frans\u0131z Kimyac\u0131s\u0131 Gay Lussac ve \u0130ngiliz Kimyac\u0131s\u0131 Sir Humphry Davy\u00a0<\/span>taraf\u0131ndan<\/b>\u00a0ayn\u0131 zamanda elde edilmi\u015ftir. <\/span>Elementel bor do\u011fada bulunmaz. End\u00fcstride y\u00fcksek safl\u0131kta bor zorlukla elde edilebilir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bor, karbon ve ba\u015fka elementlerle bile\u015fikler olu\u015fturur.<\/span><\/p>\n Bor<\/b>\u00a0minerallerinin bir ba\u015fka olu\u015fum bi\u00e7imi ise magman\u0131n yeralt\u0131ndan y\u00fckselirken sokulum yapmas\u0131 ve y\u00fczeye yakla\u015f\u0131rken so\u011fumas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda, \u00e7evredeki farkl\u0131 kaya\u00e7lar\u0131n y\u00fcksek \u0131s\u0131 ve bas\u0131n\u00e7tan etkilenmesi ve bu de\u011fi\u015fimle birlikte\u00a0<\/span>bor<\/b>\u00a0elementinin olu\u015fmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n Bor<\/b>\u00a0mineralleri ve \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin\u00a0kullan\u0131m<\/span> alanlar\u0131; cam, seramik, deterjan, ila\u00e7 ve kimya sanayi, yanmay\u0131 \u00f6nleyici (geciktirici) madde yap\u0131m\u0131, tar\u0131m, metal\u00fcrji, enerji depolama, arabalar (hava yast\u0131klar\u0131, hidrolik fren vb), su ar\u0131tma, pigment ve kurutucu olarak, n\u00fckleer uygulamalar ve di\u011fer\u00a0kullan\u0131m\u00a0alanlar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u00dcretimi<\/b><\/p>\n D\u00fcnyan\u0131n en zengin boraks yataklar\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye’nin orta ve bat\u0131 b\u00f6lgeleridir. Bal\u0131kesir’de Sultan\u00e7ay\u0131r\u0131 ve Bigadi\u00e7, Eski\u015fehir’de Seyitgazi (K\u0131rka) ve K\u00fctahya’da Hisarc\u0131k ve Emet \u00f6nemli \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131m alanlar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye’de b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7apta boraks \u00fcretimi, 1968’de Band\u0131rma’da Etibank Boraks ve asitborik fabrikalar\u0131nda, \u00f6nce kolemanitten ba\u015flayarak yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6\u011f\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f kalsine kolemanit, Na2CO3 ve NaHCO3 ile reaksiyona sokulur, tepkime sonucu olu\u015fan CaCO3 \u00e7amurunun s\u00fcz\u00fclmesiyle geriye kalan ana \u00e7\u00f6zelti kristallendirilir, ayr\u0131lan kristaller kurutulur ve torbalan\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Kullan\u0131m Alanlar\u0131<\/b><\/p>\n Bor <\/b>mineralleri, sanayide say\u0131s\u0131z denecek kadar \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli i\u015flerde kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. <\/span>Bor <\/b>minerallerinden elde edilen boraks ve borik asit; \u00f6zellikle n\u00fckleer alanda, savunma sanayisinde, jet ve roket yak\u0131t\u0131, sabun, deterjan, lehim, foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k, tekstil boyalar\u0131, cam elyaf\u0131 ve genellikle k\u00e2\u011f\u0131t sanayinde kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n Savunma Sanayii<\/b><\/p>\n Bor <\/b>Karb\u00fcr (B4C) bile\u015feninin ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc sertli\u011finden dolay\u0131 tank z\u0131rh\u0131nda ve kur\u015fun ge\u00e7irmez yeleklerde kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n Enerjetik Malzemeler<\/b><\/p>\n Elementel <\/span>bor <\/b>hacimsel olarak en y\u00fcksek enerji yo\u011funlu\u011funa sahip elementtir. Bu sebeple \u00f6zellikle kat\u0131 yak\u0131t uygulamalar\u0131nda ana enerji kayna\u011f\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n Cam Sanayii<\/b><\/p>\n Bor<\/b>; pencere cam\u0131, \u015fi\u015fe cam\u0131 vb. sanayilerde ender hallerde kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6zel camlarda ise borik asit vazge\u00e7ilemeyen bir unsur olup, rafine sulu\/susuz boraks, borik asit veya kolemanit\/boraks gibi do\u011fal haliyle kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Cam Elyaf\u0131<\/b><\/p>\n Ergimi\u015f cama % 7 borik oksit verecek \u015fekilde boraks pentahidrat veya \u00fcleksit- probertit kat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Maliyetine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak sulu veya susuz tipleri kullan\u0131lmakta, baz\u0131 hallerde de borik asitten yararlan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n Seramik Sanayii<\/b><\/p>\n Emayelerin vizkozitesini ve doygunla\u015fma \u0131s\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 azaltan borik oksit\u00a0 % 20’ye kadar kullan\u0131labilmektedir. \u00d6zellikle emayeye kat\u0131lan hammaddelerin % 17-32’si borik oksit olup, sulu boraks tercih edilir.<\/span><\/p>\n Temizleme ve Beyazlatma Sanayii<\/b><\/p>\n Sabun ve deterjanlara mikrop \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc (Jermisit) ve su yumu\u015fat\u0131c\u0131 etkisi nedeniyle % 10 boraks dekahidrat ve beyazlat\u0131c\u0131 etkisini art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in toz deterjanlara\u00a0 % 10-20 oran\u0131nda sodyum perborat kat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n Yanmay\u0131 \u00d6nleyici (Geciktirici) Maddeler<\/b><\/p>\n Borik asit ve boratlar sel\u00fclozik maddelere, ate\u015fe kar\u015f\u0131 dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k sa\u011flarlar. Tutu\u015fma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131na gelmeden sel\u00fclozdaki su molek\u00fcllerini uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rlar ve olu\u015fan k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn y\u00fczeyini kaplayarak daha ileri bir yanmay\u0131 engellerler.<\/span><\/p>\n Tar\u0131m<\/b><\/p>\n Bor <\/b>mineralleri bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn geli\u015fmesini art\u0131rmak veya \u00f6nlemek maksad\u0131yla kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bor, de\u011fi\u015fken \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclerde bir\u00e7ok bitkinin temel besin maddesidir.<\/span><\/p>\n Metalurji<\/b><\/p>\n Boratlar y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda d\u00fczg\u00fcn, yap\u0131\u015fkan, koruyucu ve temiz, \u00e7apaks\u0131z bir s\u0131v\u0131 olu\u015fturma \u00f6zelli\u011fi nedeniyle demir d\u0131\u015f\u0131 metal sanayisinde koruyucu bir c\u00fcruf olu\u015fturucu ve ergitmeyi h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 madde olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n N\u00fckleer Uygulamalar<\/b><\/p>\n Atom reakt\u00f6rlerinde borlu \u00e7elikler, <\/span>bor <\/b>karb\u00fcrler ve titanbor ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Paslanmaz borlu \u00e7elik, n\u00f6tron absorban\u0131 olarak tercih edilmektedir. Yakla\u015f\u0131k her bir <\/span>bor <\/b>atomu bir n\u00f6tron absorbe etmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n Enerji Depolama<\/b><\/p>\n Termal storage pillerindeki, sodyum s\u00fclfat ve su ile yakla\u015f\u0131k %3 a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131ktaki boraks dekahidrat\u0131n kimyasal kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 g\u00fcnd\u00fcz g\u00fcne\u015f enerjisini depolay\u0131p, gece \u0131s\u0131nma amac\u0131yla kullan\u0131labilmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n At\u0131k Temizleme<\/b><\/p>\n Sodyum borohidrat, at\u0131k sulardaki c\u0131va, kur\u015fun, g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f gibi a\u011f\u0131r metallerin sulardan temizlenmesi amac\u0131yla kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Yak\u0131t<\/b><\/p>\n Sodyum tetraborat, \u00f6zel uygulamalarda yak\u0131t katk\u0131 maddesi olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Daha \u00f6nce Amerikan Donanmas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan u\u00e7ak yak\u0131t\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Sa\u011fl\u0131k<\/b><\/p>\n BNCT (Boron Neutron Capture Therapy) kanser tedavisinde kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle; beyin kanserlerinin tedavisinde hasta h\u00fccrelerin se\u00e7ilerek imha edilmesinde kullan\u0131lmakta ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 h\u00fccrelere zarar\u0131n\u0131n minimum d\u00fczeyde olmas\u0131 nedeniyle tercih nedeni olabilmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n BOR TAR\u0130H\u0130 BULU\u015eU VE KULLANIM ALANLARI Bor, atom numaras\u0131 5 ve kimyasal sembol\u00fc\u00a0B\u00a0olan\u00a0kimyasal elementtir. Elementel\u00a0Bor; 1808 y\u0131l\u0131nda Frans\u0131z Kimyac\u0131s\u0131 Gay Lussac ve \u0130ngiliz Kimyac\u0131s\u0131 Sir Humphry Davy\u00a0taraf\u0131ndan\u00a0ayn\u0131 zamanda elde edilmi\u015ftir. Elementel bor do\u011fada bulunmaz. End\u00fcstride y\u00fcksek safl\u0131kta bor zorlukla elde edilebilir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bor, karbon ve ba\u015fka elementlerle bile\u015fikler olu\u015fturur. Bor\u00a0minerallerinin bir ba\u015fka […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":3108,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\r\n<\/p>\n
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