{"id":3048,"date":"2022-11-17T11:19:57","date_gmt":"2022-11-17T11:19:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/krafttasarim.com\/?p=3048"},"modified":"2022-11-25T20:07:48","modified_gmt":"2022-11-25T20:07:48","slug":"bakir-nedir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/localhost\/kraft\/bakir-nedir\/","title":{"rendered":"Bak\u0131r Nedir?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a0TAR\u0130H\u0130 BULU\u015eU VE KULLANIM ALANLARI<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Bak\u0131r<\/strong>,\u00a0Cu<\/strong> semboll\u00fc ve 29 atom say\u0131l\u0131 bir kimyasal elementtir.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Maden \u00c7a\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n insanl\u0131k tarihine \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutan bu en \u00f6nemli bulu\u015fun sahibi olan\u00a0S\u00fcmerler<\/strong>, \u00e7anak- \u00e7\u00f6mlek ocaklar\u0131nda elde edilen y\u00fcksek \u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131nda; mangal k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc ve kirecin de\u011fi\u015fimi ile \u00e7e\u015fitli bak\u0131r minerallerinden bak\u0131r<\/strong> elde etmeyi ba\u015fard\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00c7ok y\u00fcksek termal ve elektrik iletkenli\u011fi olan yumu\u015fak, d\u00f6v\u00fclebilir ve s\u00fcnek bir metaldir. Yeni a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f saf bak\u0131r y\u00fczeyi pembemsi-turuncu renklidir. Bak\u0131r, \u0131s\u0131 ve elektrik iletkeni olarak yap\u0131 malzemelerinde, \u00e7e\u015fitli metal ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n bile\u015fiminde, som g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f gibi kuyumculukta, kupronikel denizcilik donan\u0131m\u0131 ve maden\u00ee para yap\u0131m\u0131nda, konstantan y\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7erlerde (\u0130ngilizce: strain gauge) ve s\u0131cakl\u0131k \u00f6l\u00e7en termokupllarda kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Bak\u0131r, do\u011fada do\u011frudan kullan\u0131labilir metalik formda (Do\u011fal metal) olu\u015fabilen birka\u00e7 metalden biridir. Bak\u0131r \u00e7ok erken d\u00f6nemlerden, M.\u00d6. 8000\u2019den itibaren birka\u00e7 b\u00f6lgede insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131. Binlerce y\u0131l sonra yakla\u015f\u0131k M.\u00d6. 5,000\u2019lerde s\u00fclf\u00fcr cevherlerinden ergitme yap\u0131lan ilk metaldi; takriben M.\u00d6. 4.000\u2019lerde kal\u0131pta \u015fekle d\u00f6k\u00fclen ilk metaldi ve yakla\u015f\u0131k M.\u00d6. 3500\u2019lerde bronz yapmak i\u00e7in ba\u015fka bir metal, kalay ile birle\u015ferek ala\u015f\u0131mlanan ilk metaldi.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Bak\u0131r kendi ba\u015f\u0131na do\u011fada saf olarak metal formunda var olabildi\u011finden \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc pek \u00e7ok eski medeniyet taraf\u0131ndan bilinmi\u015ftir. Bak\u0131r\u0131n ilk kullan\u0131m\u0131 M\u00d6 9000\u2019de Orta Do\u011fu\u2019da g\u00f6zlemlenmi\u015ftir. Kuzey Irak\u2019ta M\u00d6 8700\u2019e tarihlenen bak\u0131r bir kolye bulunmu\u015ftur. Bak\u0131r\u0131n ilk ba\u015flarda \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lmadan so\u011fuk olarak i\u015flendi\u011fi, daha sonralarda tavland\u0131\u011f\u0131, izabelendi\u011fi ve son olarak eritilerek d\u00f6k\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir. T\u00fcm bu d\u00f6rt farkl\u0131 y\u00f6ntem de G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu\u2019da Neolitik \u00c7a\u011f\u2019\u0131n ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 M\u00d6 7500\u2019lerde ayn\u0131 anda tespit edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

KULLANIM ALANLARI<\/strong><\/p>\n